華諾醫藥微脂體生技有限公司

新石器晚期 玉琮

新石器晚期 玉琮高 47.2公分,上端寬 7.7-7.8公分,下端寬6.8公分,孔徑4.2-4.3公分,5850公克這件大玉琮應是在十九世紀入藏清宮的,所以在它的器表沒有乾隆皇帝的題詩,因此保留了它的原貌。它是以深碧綠色泛深淺赭斑的閃玉(Nephrite)琢成。表面還留有最初切璞時的圓弧形凹陷痕。高方柱體,略呈上大下小。中孔由兩端對鑽,接合處有不整齊的台階面。上射口略外撇,下射口較直。以四個方轉角為小眼紋的中心,自上而下,雕琢十七節小眼面紋,所以在這件玉琮上,共有六十八個小眼面紋。到了良渚文化晚期時,已少見如上一件良渚文化時期玉琮上所雕的小眼、大眼面紋的組合花紋。而常以多層小眼面紋取代。且有時在這類高琮的上射口處,以極輕的、斷續的細陰線,刻出神秘的符號。如這件玉琮的上射口上,就有這樣的符號。其中之一為每條邊線都略呈內凹的菱形;相對的另一邊,則刻一上大下小的立柱,下方接著五個小圓圈。其內涵或與當時人們信奉的「神鳥」有關。 Ts’ung Liang-chu Culture, late Neolithic age (ca. 3300-2000 BC)Height: 47.2 cm, upper width: 7.7-7.8 cm, lower width: 6.8 cm, hole diameter: 4.2-4.3 cm, weight: 5850 gThis large jade ts’ung tube probably entered the Ch’ing court in the 19th century, which is why its surface was not adorned with imperial inscriptions of praise by the Ch’ien-lung Emperor (r. 1736-1795) and thereby retains its original appearance. It is carved from a piece of deep green nephrite with light and dark ochre spotting. The surface still reveals the arcing traces of depressions lefty when the jade was first cut. Of a tall, square, columnar form, the top is slightly larger than the bottom. The hole in the center was drilled from both ends, there being a slightly uneven ledge where the two did not match up. The upper hole is slightly flaring, while the wall of the lower is straighter. With patterns of small eyes as the center of the four corners, extending from top to bottom is a total of 17 small-eye masks carved on the piece. By the late Liang-chu Culture, few Liang-chu jade ts’ung like the other one here were being carved with combination patterns of small- and large-eye masks. Sometimes on the mouth area of such tall ts’ung are very faint and broken lines, representing the engravings of some mysterious symbol. The mouth of this jade ts’ung also includes this symbol. Among them is a slight diamond shape depression besides each line. Opposite the sides is an engraving of a standing column with the top larger than the bottom, which continues with five small circles. Their meaning is probably related to the  ”spirit bird” beliefs current at the time. 國立故宮博物院national palace museum

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